General Extraction Protocols: Normal Phase • Rinse packing bed with 3 - 5 mL of a non-polar solvent. Do not let packing dry.

• Apply sample solution to the top of the packing bed. Push or draw through the bed at 1 - 5 mL/min. Collect sample for analysis if desired compound has passed through the bed without being retained.

• If desired compound was retained, wash off weakly retained interfering compounds with a non-polar solvent.

• Elute desired compound with 1 - 2 mL of polar solvent and collect for analysis.